S in humans (48?0). However, this was the first demonstration that human DCs could be conditioned by cytosolic DNA to endow in vitro primed na e CD4+ T cells with killing capacity. In addition, in the presence of T cells, dsDNA-activated DCs, but not LPS- or cocktail-activated DCs, activated B cells to produce complement fixing IgG1 and IgG3 but not non-complement fixing IgG2 and IgG4 antibodies.