Ayers of polarized cellsc92 93Spontaneously differentiate in culture in polarized colonic cellsdAbbreviations: SI, sucrase-isomaltase; APN, aminopeptidase N; DPP IV, dipeptidylpeptidase IV; AP, alkaline phosphatase; CEACAMs, carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecules; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide; PAR2, protease-activated receptor 2; PEPT1, H /epycotransp
Edetomidine for 2A-adrenoceptors (Jansson et al., 1998). The selective stimulation of cellular pathways by different agonists acting through a single receptor been referred to by many names: stimulus trafficking (Kenakin, 1995a), functional dissociation (Whistler et al., 1999), biased agonism (Jarpe et al., 1998), biased inhibition (Kudlacek et al., 2002), differential engagement (Manning, 2002),
Edetomidine for 2A-adrenoceptors (Jansson et al., 1998). The selective stimulation of cellular pathways by different agonists acting through a single receptor been referred to by many names: stimulus trafficking (Kenakin, 1995a), functional dissociation (Whistler et al., 1999), biased agonism (Jarpe et al., 1998), biased inhibition (Kudlacek et al., 2002), differential engagement (Manning, 2002),
Res compared to monovalent cations) [363,364]. Owing to currently existing limitations in reducing the dimensions of organic electrochemical transistors below the micron-scale, their application in the field of nanotechnology is limited [365]. One example employing nanoscale transistors was work byCurr Opin Biotechnol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 June 23.Majd et al.PageMisra et al., w
Up, for instance, investigated the interaction of cationic polypeptides with the -barrel of the -hemolysin pore. In these experiments, increasing voltage and decreasing peptide length prolonged the duration of the interaction between the lumen of the pore and the peptide [290]. Recently, the Movileanu group determined that surface charges in the lumen of -hemolysin pores can result in electrostati
Help shed light on structural determinants of GPCR activity. More specifically, the use of G proteins to capture pathway-specific conformations could reveal binding opportunities associated with ligand trafficking in either the receptor's orthosteric domain or elsewhere on more accessible and less conserved regions of the GPCR. Furthermore, structures of protein complexes such as GPCR-G protein, G
N is Wallerian degeneration, whereby axons degenerate distal to the site of damage. Wallerian degeneration has been recognized as a contributor to axonal damage in MS.113 Reduced mitochondrial activity, due to increased energetic demand of demyelinated axons, can partially explain the decreased NAA levels observed in MS brain. Following demyelination, sodium channels, which are normally located at
N is Wallerian degeneration, whereby axons degenerate distal to the site of damage. Wallerian degeneration has been recognized as a contributor to axonal damage in MS.113 Reduced mitochondrial activity, due to increased energetic demand of demyelinated axons, can partially explain the decreased NAA levels observed in MS brain. Following demyelination, sodium channels, which are normally located at