Xins in both forms of dementia include TNF-a, arachidonic acid, platelet activating factors (PAF), nitric oxide (NO), and quinolinic acid (QUIN) [17,53-59]. Nitric oxide is synthesized by endothelial cells, neurons, and macrophages and is thought to be associated with NMDA-type glutamate-initiated neurotoxicity [54]. TNF-a is released by HIV-1-infected microglia, and oligodendrocytes are particula