Lerosis and cardiovascular threat via its effects on lipoproteins, collagen, fibrin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin see Figure 1 and Table 1.61 Carbamylation of lowdensity lipoprotein LDL may well boost its atherogenic properties partly by decreasing its binding to the LDLreceptor62 and by preventing its clearance from circulation a phenomenon seen in each animal models of chronic kidney failure63