Is in HIV-infected individuals with signs/symptoms of TB include the Xpert MTB/Rif (`Xpert,' Cepheid, Sunnyvale, California, USA) and the urinary tests for lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen detection. Xpert is an automated molecular assay for detection of TB and rifampin resistance from sputum samples, provides results in approximately 2? h, and is currently WHO endorsed for rapid TB diagnosis. Alte