In in vitro cultures. In addition, we demonstrate that dsDNA-activated DCs generate cytotoxic CD8+ T cells that produce the effector proteins IFN- and granzyme. In the presence of T cells, dsDNA-activated DCs, but not LPS- or cocktail-activated DCs, induce B cells to produce complement fixing IgG1 and IgG3 but not the non-complement fixing IgG2 and IgG4 antibodies. Thus, synthetic cytosolic DNA re