Stream transcription could be detected independently of the viral integration site. HIV-infected primary CD4+ T cells contain significant levels of transcription upstream of the 5'LTR To identify transcription upstream of the 5'LTR in HIV-infected peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), we used the above method. After activation of HIV-infected PBLs with IL-2 and PHA, we rested them and isolated CD4+