R 15.4 cells. To do so, we designed a modified quantitative RTPCR (RT-qPCR). Our modified method, herein named RT-DNA-qPCR (RT-DqPCR), is based on the fact that molar ratio between two genes in genomic DNA is equal (see Supplemental text 1). In short, RT-DqPCR involves normalization of values obtained by amplification of cDNA to those obtained by amplification of genomic DNA with the same primer p
Nificant levels of the host-viral chimeric transcripts. Because they indicate active transcription upstream of the 5'LTR, these findings suggest that viral transcription is subjected to TI in these cells. Transcriptional interference by the actively transcribed host gene reverses viral transcription from the 5' to the 3'LTR Next, we investigated in detail how active transcription of the upstream P
Ly 20 activation of viral transcription (see Figure 7) already precludes detection of the upstream transcription. This finding is not surprising, as we demonstrated that there is 11-fold or 38-fold more viral mRNA than *mRNA in TNF- treated cells (Figure 2D, bars 3 and 4). Predictably, our control experiments demonstrate that the ratio between the Rev- and Env-containing transcripts was 1 in untr
Ly 20 activation of viral transcription (see Figure 7) already precludes detection of the upstream transcription. This finding is not surprising, as we demonstrated that there is 11-fold or 38-fold more viral mRNA than *mRNA in TNF- treated cells (Figure 2D, bars 3 and 4). Predictably, our control experiments demonstrate that the ratio between the Rev- and Env-containing transcripts was 1 in untr
Thematical framework to indicate possibilities for resource allocation in HIV prevention, with the goal of providing insight and valuable guidance in the design of such health interventions.MethodsIntervention costsWe use the data and methodology of Auvert et al. [35]. The levels of MC coverage will be low, and we therefore assume the intervention uses the existing public infrastructures and servi