Cial mechanisms. Connell's theory of gender and power has been shown previously to explain the gender effects in the spread of HIV/AIDS infection [11,12]. Sa and Larsen applied this theory in their study in Moshi, Tanzania, using gender inequality to explain women's risk of HIV infection [12]. In this study, we adopt Connell's theory of gender and power as a theoretical framework to explore and cl
Cial control Philadelphia, USA: Temple university press; 1984. 9. Butler J: Gender regulations in undoing gender. New York: Routledge; 2004. 10. Connell RW: Gender and power, society, the person and sexual politics. UK: Blackwell publishers; 1987. 11. Wingood GM, Diclemente RJ: Application of the theory of gender and power to examine HIV-related exposures, risk factors and effective interventions
But she needs to prove beyond reasonable doubt her innocence in contracting HIV. A possibility of escaping accusation is demonstrated by this quote: In very few cases the female is not blamed when the society looks at the person and feels that she is a real Christian and not the type that goes around...but if it is obvious the person got it from sex, the whole familywill dump the person. Nobody wi
T among participants living in Peru (46.0 ), Brazil (37.8 ), and Ecuador (37.3 ), with lower prevalence among participants living in Thailand (6.4 ), South Africa (17.6 ), and the United States (27.1 ; P,0.001). Randomization group was not associated with HSV-2 prevalence at baseline (P = 0.44). In multivariable analysis, all factors remained significantly associated with HSV-2 prevalence with the
D ,25 years (7.1 per 100 person-years) and the lowest rate among participants aged 40 years (1.6 per 100 person-years; P trend = 0.001). Country of residence was also associated with HSV-2 incidence, with theDaily Oral FTC/TDF PrEP and HSV-2 among MSMthere were 72 ulcer AEs classified as Grade 2 or above, with 43 participants (4.3 ) having 1 ulcer AE. Among the 72 ulcer AEs, 23 (31.9 ) were conf
D ,25 years (7.1 per 100 person-years) and the lowest rate among participants aged 40 years (1.6 per 100 person-years; P trend = 0.001). Country of residence was also associated with HSV-2 incidence, with theDaily Oral FTC/TDF PrEP and HSV-2 among MSMthere were 72 ulcer AEs classified as Grade 2 or above, with 43 participants (4.3 ) having 1 ulcer AE. Among the 72 ulcer AEs, 23 (31.9 ) were conf
Lcer was identified, and 5.6 had 1 STI examination during which a groin ulcer was identified after HIV seroconversion, and thus after stopping study drug. The proportions with each type of ulcer did not differ between participants in the FTC/TDF arm and participants in the placebo arm. Finally, the iPrEx protocol did not use the HSV-2 test manufacturer's suggested cutoffs for indeterminate (IR
No differences by randomization group in the proportion of participants with 1 STI examination during which a perianal ulcer (FTC/TDF 3.5 vs. placebo 4.7 , P = 0.37) or groin ulcer (FTC/TDF 2.5 vs. placebo 1.9 , P = 0.51) was identified; results were similar after excluding participants with a positive syphilis rapid plasma reagin test at the same visit. However, symptoms that prompted STI exam