Ributed to the expansion in access to services for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV, the primary route of HIV acquisition in children. Sub-Saharan Africa is disproportionately represented in the epidemic with 69 of the global total of people living with HIV (UNAIDS 2012). An estimated 90 of the world's children living with HIV live in sub-Saharan Africa. At the end of 2011, 54 of
City to activate complement [101]. The frequency of deficient or non-functional MASP-2 ranges from 2 to 19 in different populations with the highest values in Africans [102]. We speculate that relative MBL excess in the setting of relatively low C4 levels or deficient MASP-2 may lead to MBL-mediated enhanced viral infections in clinical settings. Thus, we propose that MBL, C4 and MASP-2, among o
Ons between HIV-EBOV-GP and host attachment factors may be artificial. However, we showed a similar phenomenon with wild type-like EBOV and other glycosylated viruses. Furthermore, it has been shown that all the GPs of all the Ebolaviruses (EBOV and relatives) contain high-mannose and hybrid N-linked glycans independent of the cell line used for viral propagation [64]. Another limitation of our st
Ge activity .500 U/mL (13/21 vs 1/ 14, p,0.005) compared with MBL2 O/O or O/A haplotypes (O refers to B,C or D alleles). (EPS) Figure S3 Endoglycosidases cleave N-linked glycans in HIV-EBOV GP. We preincubated HIV-EBOZ GP virion-like particles (12,000 pg/ml) with PNGase F or endo H (10,000 U/ml each) diluted in DMEM or with DMEM alone for 1 hour at 37uC. Viruses then underwent gel electrophoresis;
Ge activity .500 U/mL (13/21 vs 1/ 14, p,0.005) compared with MBL2 O/O or O/A haplotypes (O refers to B,C or D alleles). (EPS) Figure S3 Endoglycosidases cleave N-linked glycans in HIV-EBOV GP. We preincubated HIV-EBOZ GP virion-like particles (12,000 pg/ml) with PNGase F or endo H (10,000 U/ml each) diluted in DMEM or with DMEM alone for 1 hour at 37uC. Viruses then underwent gel electrophoresis;
Infections using high level rhMBL (10 mg/ml) in 5 serum (i.e. diluted 20-fold). However, such a high concentration of rhMBL is considered supraphysiological if adjusted for the 20-fold dilution factor of serum. Although human MBL is produced primarily in the liver, extrahepatic MBL synthesis has been found in the gastrointestinal tract, middle ear fluid, and nasopharyngeal secretions. It is possi
City to activate complement [101]. The frequency of deficient or non-functional MASP-2 ranges from 2 to 19 in different populations with the highest values in Africans [102]. We speculate that relative MBL excess in the setting of relatively low C4 levels or deficient MASP-2 may lead to MBL-mediated enhanced viral infections in clinical settings. Thus, we propose that MBL, C4 and MASP-2, among o
City to activate complement [101]. The frequency of deficient or non-functional MASP-2 ranges from 2 to 19 in different populations with the highest values in Africans [102]. We speculate that relative MBL excess in the setting of relatively low C4 levels or deficient MASP-2 may lead to MBL-mediated enhanced viral infections in clinical settings. Thus, we propose that MBL, C4 and MASP-2, among o