S) and cells were lysed (1 Triton X-100 for 45 min at 37 ). Cell lysates were harvested and centrifuged at 1,800 rpm for 5 min. The amount of HIV-p24 antigen associated to cell lysates was determined using the HIV-1 p24 core profile ELISA. HIV-1 attachment on MDDC to assess the attachment of HIV-1 to MDDC, the cells were washed 2 times after 6 days of differentiation and seeded into 96-well cultu
L side of the transwell, and epithelial integrity was measured at 30 min and 2, 4, 9, and 24 h by using the Minicell-ERS instrument. The data shown are the averages from duplicate wells ?1 standard error of the mean after product addition.Page 4 of(page number not for citation purposes)Journal of Translational Medicine 2007, 5:http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/5/1/p24 (pg/ml)of the pla
L side of the transwell, and epithelial integrity was measured at 30 min and 2, 4, 9, and 24 h by using the Minicell-ERS instrument. The data shown are the averages from duplicate wells ?1 standard error of the mean after product addition.Page 4 of(page number not for citation purposes)Journal of Translational Medicine 2007, 5:http://www.translational-medicine.com/content/5/1/p24 (pg/ml)of the pla
Us combinations of plasmids. Bar, 10 m. In the absence of a viral RNA, MS2-YFP had the appearance shown in Fig. 4A to C. (A) pFIVgag-CFP, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. The nuclear envelope region (box, right panel) is shown enlarged below (scale bar, 5 m). (B) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. (C and D) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. Live-cell confocal imaging was performed 48 h a
Us combinations of plasmids. Bar, 10 m. In the absence of a viral RNA, MS2-YFP had the appearance shown in Fig. 4A to C. (A) pFIVgag-CFP, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. The nuclear envelope region (box, right panel) is shown enlarged below (scale bar, 5 m). (B) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. (C and D) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. Live-cell confocal imaging was performed 48 h a
Achment on HEC-1A Considering that both HHA and GNA were non-toxic in the epithelial cell system, we further investigated the inhibition of HIV adsorption on the apical side of HEC-1A by the compounds. Cells were thus incubated with HIV-1Ba-L in the presence or absence of different concentrations of HHA or GNA. As depicted in Figure 2A, HHA faintly decreased the attachment of HIV-1Ba-L on epitheli
Us combinations of plasmids. Bar, 10 m. In the absence of a viral RNA, MS2-YFP had the appearance shown in Fig. 4A to C. (A) pFIVgag-CFP, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. The nuclear envelope region (box, right panel) is shown enlarged below (scale bar, 5 m). (B) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. (C and D) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. Live-cell confocal imaging was performed 48 h a
Us combinations of plasmids. Bar, 10 m. In the absence of a viral RNA, MS2-YFP had the appearance shown in Fig. 4A to C. (A) pFIVgag-CFP, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. The nuclear envelope region (box, right panel) is shown enlarged below (scale bar, 5 m). (B) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. (C and D) pFIVgag-CFP, pFP93, pMS2-YFP, and pFIV -24. Live-cell confocal imaging was performed 48 h a