N of cRAI in the past three months being reported more frequently in the placebo arm (P = 0.01). Of the 1,383 participants who tested seronegative for HSV-2 at baseline, 36 (2.6 ) did not contribute person-time to incidence analyses because they were retrospectively found to be HIVinfected at baseline, tested seropositive for HSV-2 at the enrollment visit subsequent to screening, or were lost to f
N of cRAI in the past three months being reported more frequently in the placebo arm (P = 0.01). Of the 1,383 participants who tested seronegative for HSV-2 at baseline, 36 (2.6 ) did not contribute person-time to incidence analyses because they were retrospectively found to be HIVinfected at baseline, tested seropositive for HSV-2 at the enrollment visit subsequent to screening, or were lost to f
No differences by randomization group in the proportion of participants with 1 STI examination during which a perianal ulcer (FTC/TDF 3.5 vs. placebo 4.7 , P = 0.37) or groin ulcer (FTC/TDF 2.5 vs. placebo 1.9 , P = 0.51) was identified; results were similar after excluding participants with a positive syphilis rapid plasma reagin test at the same visit. However, symptoms that prompted STI exam
Used acyclovir or valacyclovir during study follow-up.HSV-2 prevalenceOf the 2,499 participants, 1383 (55.3 ) tested negative for HSV-2 at baseline, 892 (35.7 ) tested positive, 223 (8.9 ) had indeterminate tests, and one test was not done. Of the 223 with indeterminate tests at baseline, 114 (51.1 ) tested positive for HSV-2 infection at some point during follow-up. Factors associated with testin
Cell counts (Fig. 1a) and CD4 : CD8 T cell ratio (Fig. 1a), but not correlated with viral load (Fig. 1c). Positive correlation was observed between sCD40L plasma levels and T cell immune activation defined by co-expression of CD38/HLA-DR on CD4 and CD8 T cells (Fig. 1d,e), as well as IDO-mRNA expression in ARTnaive patients ([7] and Fig. 1f). However, no correlation was observed between sCD40L and
Cell counts (Fig. 1a) and CD4 : CD8 T cell ratio (Fig. 1a), but not correlated with viral load (Fig. 1c). Positive correlation was observed between sCD40L plasma levels and T cell immune activation defined by co-expression of CD38/HLA-DR on CD4 and CD8 T cells (Fig. 1d,e), as well as IDO-mRNA expression in ARTnaive patients ([7] and Fig. 1f). However, no correlation was observed between sCD40L and
Cell counts (Fig. 1a) and CD4 : CD8 T cell ratio (Fig. 1a), but not correlated with viral load (Fig. 1c). Positive correlation was observed between sCD40L plasma levels and T cell immune activation defined by co-expression of CD38/HLA-DR on CD4 and CD8 T cells (Fig. 1d,e), as well as IDO-mRNA expression in ARTnaive patients ([7] and Fig. 1f). However, no correlation was observed between sCD40L and
Tive to HIV. [12] Drug concentration is also affected by adherence; while iPrExhighest rate among participants living in Ecuador (9.7 per 100 person-years) and the lowest rate among participants living in Thailand (1.7 per 100 person-years). The only behavioral factor associated with time to HSV-2 incidence was ncRAI in the past three months (HR 2.0, 95 CI: 1.4-3.0; P,0.001). In multivariable ana