Studies evaluatingOns to the statistical methods used in this study.Studies evaluating the efficacy of directly administered antiretroviral therapy (DAART) for the treatment of HIV-infected individuals have yielded mixed results. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials by Ford and colleagues found no evidence overall for DAART benefit [1]. However, both the Ford anal
Nt populations [6,7]. Opioid treatment programs (OTPs) provide a potential framework for DAART because patients visit multiple times each week to receive opioid agonist medication. Moreover, maintenance treatment at OTPs permits prolonged DAART, which is difficult in models based on outreach workers. Based on promisingDirectly Administered Therapy for HIVFigure 1. Study screening, enrollment, and
Nt populations [6,7]. Opioid treatment programs (OTPs) provide a potential framework for DAART because patients visit multiple times each week to receive opioid agonist medication. Moreover, maintenance treatment at OTPs permits prolonged DAART, which is difficult in models based on outreach workers. Based on promisingDirectly Administered Therapy for HIVFigure 1. Study screening, enrollment, and
Ing administration of rifabutin 300 mg once daily (Treatment A, #) or rifabutin 300 mg once daily plus SQV-SGC 1200 mg three times daily (Treatment C, ).treatment was greater (33 ) compared to when coadministered with saquinavir (21 ). The within patient variability was approximately 29 .Effects of rifabutin on saquinavirpharmacokineticsThe mean ( CV) AUC(0,8 h), Cmax and C8 for saquinavir when a
Es would most likely not have been affected. The measures of immune activation were not assessed at enrollment into the study cohort, and we therefore cannot make temporal inferences of a causal nature nor could we control for them in the multivariable Cox models. We used prevalence rate ratios (PRRs) to estimate the associations of interest as risk was our parameter of interest. We chose PRRs as
A and adjusting for differences based on sex, we no longer see this correlation. In addition, in this study, HCV coinfection is not associated with loss of elite controller status. Taken together, this suggests that HCV coinfection does not directly affect HIV replication dynamics or natural history, but that it may act synergistically with HIV to produce a greater number of associated complicatio
Espite successful HCV eradication. Other complications such as development of carcinoma may be more readily amenable to more rapid risk reduction with antiviral therapy. Further studies with long periods of follow-up will be needed to address these questions. Our study has several limitations. Not all patients had measures of immune activation documented in their study records and were therefore e
Es would most likely not have been affected. The measures of immune activation were not assessed at enrollment into the study cohort, and we therefore cannot make temporal inferences of a causal nature nor could we control for them in the multivariable Cox models. We used prevalence rate ratios (PRRs) to estimate the associations of interest as risk was our parameter of interest. We chose PRRs as